Promoter holding and pledging
The share of a company owned by its founders or controlling group.
Fundamental ratios
Live NSE examples below
What is Promoter holding and pledging?
In India most listed companies have an identifiable promoter group, the founders, family or parent company that controls them. Listed companies disclose shareholding every quarter, split into promoters, FIIs, DIIs and the public. Changes in the promoter stake are closely watched: promoters buying suggests confidence; promoters selling or pledging shares can signal stress.
Formula
Promoter holding % = promoter-group shares ÷ total shares × 100
Change = latest quarter's % − the % four quarters earlier
How to read it
- SEBI's minimum public shareholding rule caps promoters at 75% for most listed companies.
- An increase can come from open-market buying, preferential allotment or warrant conversion. The shareholding table shows which.
- Pledged promoter shares can be sold by lenders if the price falls, which adds to downside pressure.
Common mistakes
- Reading a fall in promoter percentage as selling when it is dilution from a fresh share issue.
Live: NSE stocks matching this today
Promoters who increased their stake 175
| Stock | Promoter % | Promoter Δ | P/E |
|---|---|---|---|
| GAYAPROJGayatri Projects Limited | 23.1% | +19.19 pp | 0.51 |
| 505703Satani Bearings Ltd | 72.3% | +18.90 pp | 5,321.13 |
| 504375IDream Film Infrastructure Company Ltd | 73.7% | +13.72 pp | 4,876.72 |
| ASTERDMAster DM Quality Care Limited | 53.7% | +13.33 pp | 206.33 |
| SUPREMEINFSupreme Infrastructure India Limited | 47.0% | +12.26 pp | 0.14 |
| 516038KS Smart Technologies Ltd | 61.0% | +11.43 pp | — |
| 539724Hypersoft Technologies Ltd | 59.2% | +11.38 pp | 410.30 |
| GABRIELGabriel India Limited | 66.3% | +11.29 pp | 82.93 |
High promoter holding (65%+) 469
| Stock | Promoter % | Promoter Δ | ROE |
|---|---|---|---|
| 530927Haryana Financial Corporation Ltd | 99.4% | +0.00 pp | 3.4% |
| KIOCLKIOCL Limited | 99.0% | +0.00 pp | 2.2% |
| LICILife Insurance Corporation Of India | 96.5% | +0.00 pp | 34.0% |
| IDBIIDBI Bank Limited | 94.7% | +0.00 pp | 13.6% |
| RAJRILTDRaj Rayon Industries Limited | 94.1% | +0.00 pp | 21.7% |
| PSBPunjab & Sind Bank | 93.8% | +0.00 pp | 9.8% |
| IOBIndian Overseas Bank | 92.4% | -2.17 pp | 16.1% |
| 537392Keto Motors Ltd | 92.3% | +92.33 pp | 0.5% |
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Related concepts
Bulk deals and block dealsLarge trades that must be disclosed publicly, naming the buyer or seller.Market capitalisation: large, mid and small capsCompany size by stock-market value, and SEBI's large/mid/small cap definitions.ROE (return on equity)Annual profit as a percentage of the shareholders' money in the business.
